Shoulder Separation (Acromioclavicular (AC)) 

An injury where the collarbone (clavicle) separates from the shoulder blade (scapula) due to torn ligaments.

• Symptoms: Shoulder pain, swelling, bruising, a visible bump or deformity at the top of the shoulder, and limited arm movement.
• Causes: Direct impact to the shoulder, most frequently from a fall onto the point of the shoulder or a sports-related collision.
• Risk Factors: Engaging in contact sports (like football or hockey) and high-impact activities like cycling or skiing.
• Diagnosis: Confirmed through a physical examination of the shoulder joint and diagnostic X-rays to assess the severity.
• Treatment: Ranging from rest, ice, and a sling for mild sprains to surgical stabilization for severe separations.