Thoracic Compression Fracture

A thoracic compression fracture occurs when one of the vertebrae in the mid-back collapses or compresses.

This spinal injury involves the weakening and eventual height loss of a vertebral bone, altering proper spinal alignment and mechanics.

Symptoms

• Sudden, severe back pain
• Pain that worsens with standing or walking
• Limited spinal mobility
• Height loss or stooped posture (kyphosis) over time

Causes

Most commonly triggered by osteoporosis, which weakens bones to the point that normal daily pressure or minor trauma causes a fracture.

Risk Factors

• Advanced age
• Osteoporosis or low bone density
• Female gender (especially post-menopausal)
• History of previous fractures
• Long-term corticosteroid use

Diagnosis

Confirmed through a physical examination, medical history review, and imaging studies such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs.

Treatment

Management ranges from conservative approaches (pain medication, bracing, and rest) to minimally invasive procedures like vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty.