Toe Deformities (Hammertoe, Claw Toe, and Mallet Toe)

Toe deformities are abnormal bends in the toe joints caused by imbalances in surrounding muscles, tendons, or ligaments that prevent the toes from lying flat.

Symptoms

• Pain, stiffness, or swelling in the toes
• Corns, calluses, or blisters from shoe friction
• Difficulty walking or fitting comfortably into shoes

Causes

• Unsupportive, narrow, or high-heeled footwear
• Past foot trauma or toe injuries
• Structural foot imbalances

Risk Factors

• Increasing age
• Family history or genetics (e.g., high arches, flat feet)
• Underlying conditions like arthritis or diabetes

Diagnosis

Our orthopedic specialists conduct a thorough physical examination and perform standing X-rays to evaluate joint alignment and flexibility.

Treatment

• Conservative: Roomy footwear, custom orthotics, padding, and physical therapy exercises.
• Surgical: Realignment procedures to relieve joint pressure and restore function when conservative options are insufficient.