Charcot Foot (Neurogenic Arthropathy)

A serious, progressive condition where bones and joints in the foot weaken and fracture, often leading to severe deformity, instability, and joint dislocation.

Symptoms

• Sudden, severe swelling and redness
• Warmth in the affected foot compared to the other
• Pain, soreness, or numbness
• Visible shifting, collapsing, or "rocker-bottom" foot shape

Causes

Triggered by severe nerve damage (peripheral neuropathy) that dulls pain sensation, causing minor injuries, sprains, or fractures to go unnoticed and worsen with continued walking.

Risk Factors

• Diabetes mellitus (the leading cause)
• Peripheral neuropathy
• Previous foot trauma or surgery
• Chronic alcohol or drug abuse

Diagnosis

Confirmed through a comprehensive physical examination, a detailed patient history, and imaging studies like X-rays or MRIs to assess bone and joint damage.

Treatment

Immediate offloading using casts, braces, or specialized boots is critical to prevent further collapse. Advanced cases may require reconstructive surgery.