Foot and Ankle Osteoarthritis

Foot and ankle osteoarthritis occurs when protective cartilage inside the joints wears down over time, causing bone-on-bone friction, persistent pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility.

Symptoms

• Joint pain and tenderness, especially during or after movement
• Morning stiffness or joint rigidity after periods of rest
• Swelling around the ankle, midfoot, or big toe joint
• Difficulty walking, bearing weight, or negotiating uneven terrain

Causes

• Natural wear and tear on weight-bearing joints over time
• Previous trauma, such as severe ankle sprains or fractures
• Abnormal foot mechanics or joint alignment

Risk Factors

• Advanced age or repetitive high-impact joint stress
• Prior foot or ankle injuries (post-traumatic arthritis)
• Obesity, which increases pressure on lower-extremity joints

Diagnosis

Our foot and ankle specialists perform a thorough clinical evaluation, including physical examination, gait analysis, and weight-bearing X-rays or advanced imaging (MRI/CT) to assess joint damage.

Treatment

• Conservative Options: Physical therapy, custom orthotics, bracing, and anti-inflammatory medication or targeted joint injections.
• Surgical Options: Joint preservation, ankle fusion, or total ankle replacement for severe cases.