Patellar Dislocation

A patellar dislocation occurs when the kneecap (patella) slips completely out of its natural groove at the end of the thighbone (femur), typically shifting toward the outside of the knee joint.

Symptoms

• Visible deformity or misaligned kneecap
• Severe pain, immediate swelling, and tenderness
• Inability to straighten the leg or bear weight
• A distinct popping or tearing sensation upon injury

Causes

• Direct direct impact to the knee
• Sudden twisting movements or rapid changes in direction while the foot is firmly planted

Risk Factors

• Abnormally shallow femoral groove or loose knee ligaments
• History of prior kneecap dislocations or joint hypermobility
• High-demand sports involving pivoting (e.g., soccer, basketball, dance)

Diagnosis

Our orthopedic specialists conduct a thorough physical examination and utilize diagnostic imaging, such as X-rays or MRI, to confirm alignment and evaluate for associated cartilage or tissue damage.

Treatment

• Non-Surgical: Realignment (reduction), bracing, ice, anti-inflammatory medication, and targeted physical therapy.
• Surgical: Reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) or realigning surgical procedures for recurring dislocations.